Analysis of WRKY transcription factor family based on full-length transcriptome sequencing in Polygonatum cyrtonema / 中国中药杂志

WRKY transcription factor family plays an important role in plant growth and development, secondary metabolite synthesis, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. The present study performed full-length transcriptome sequencing of Polygonatum cyrtonema by virtue of the PacBio SMRT high-throughput platform, identified the WRKY family by bioinformatics methods, and analyzed the physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, phylogeny, and conserved motifs. The results showed that 30.69 Gb nucleotide bases and 89 564 transcripts were obtained after redundancy removal. These transcripts had a mean length of 2 060 bp and an N50 value of 3 156 bp. Based on the full-length transcriptome sequencing data, 64 candidate proteins were selected from the WRKY transcription factor family, with the protein size of 92-1 027 aa, the relative molecular mass of 10 377.85-115 779.48 kDa, and the isoelectric point of 4.49-9.84. These WRKY family members were mostly located in the nucleus and belonged to the hydrophobic proteins. According to the phylogenetic analysis of WRKY family in P. cyrtonema and Arabidopsis thaliana, all WRKY family members were clustered into seven subfamilies and WRKY proteins from P. cyrtonema were distributed in different numbers in these seven subgroups. Expression pattern analysis confirmed that 40 WRKY family members had distinct expression patterns in the rhizomes of 1-and 3-year-old P. cyrtonema. Except for PcWRKY39, the expression of 39 WRKY family members was down-regulated in 3-year-old samples. In conclusion, this study provides abundant reference data for genetic research on P. cyrtonema and lays a foundation for the in-depth investigation of the biological functions of the WRKY family.

Anti-tumor Application and Pharmacological Mechanism of Xihuangwan： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Malignant tumors are currently seriously endangering human health and life， which has become one of the main causes of death in China. In modern Western medicine， they are mainly tackled by surgery， chemotherapy， and radiotherapy， but the death toll continues to rise year by year. At present， most of the anti-tumor chemotherapeutics used in clinical practice have toxic and side effects， affecting the anti-tumor efficacy and the conditions after treatment. Long-term medication will also induce drug resistance， making the good anti-tumor effect difficult to be achieved. With the vigorous development of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， it has played a crucial role in the fight against tumors. It is believed in TCM that "heat toxin" is one of the important causes of tumors. Therefore， the methods of clearing away heat and removing toxin are often emphasized in the treatment of tumors， and the resulting outcomes are satisfactory. There are many Chinese herbs and Chinese herbal compounds classified into the heat-clearing and toxin-removing type. Xihuangwan， a classic heat-clearing prescription， is composed of Calculus Bovis， Moschus， Olibanum， and Myrrh and has the effects of clearing away heat， removing toxin， eliminating edema， and dissipating mass， which is mainly used to treat carbuncle， pustule， scrofula， multiple abscess， and cancer caused by heat-toxin obstruction. In modern clinical practice， it has been employed in patients with lung cancer， breast cancer， gastric cancer， liver cancer， colorectal cancer， and other malignant tumors， especially during the advanced stage， as a routine or adjuvant treatment for alleviating their clinical symptoms and improving their quality of life. The main active components of Xihuangwan are pentacyclic triterpenoids （such as masticinic acids）， volatile oils， steroids （like porcine deoxycholic acid）， and bilirubin， which have been proved effective in anti-tumor. This paper reviewed the prescription source， pharmaceutical research， clinical anti-tumor research， and pharmacological mechanisms of Xihuangwan， which has provided reference for further expanding the anti-tumor applications of Xihuangwan and enhancing its secondary development.

Historical Evolution and Clinical Application of Classical Prescription Xiao Xumingtang / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Xiao Xumingtang in The Catalogue of Famous Ancient Classics （The First Batch） issued by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine is derived from the Important Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergency （Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang） written by SUN Si-miao in the Tang dynasty. The present study systematically explored the origin， development， historical evolution， and clinical application of Xiao Xumingtang. As revealed by the results， Xiao Xumingtang as well as its analogues are primary prescriptions indicated for apoplexy before the Tang and Song dynasties and serve as the benchmark for the treatment of apoplexy. After the Song dynasty， due to the changes in the understanding of the pathogenesis of apoplexy and the limitations of the understanding of Xiao Xumingtang， its clinical application to apoplexy gradually decreased. In modern times， it has been re-recognized and applied， during which its clinical applications have undergone great changes. Its clinical applications are extensive， involving a variety of diseases related to the brain and nervous systems， such as stroke and its sequelae， peripheral facial paralysis， rheumatoid arthritis， hypertension， and other diseases related to the motor nervous system. Its primary indications are stroke and its sequelae， followed by peripheral facial paralysis. Other new indications are gradually found. This study is expected to provide references for the clinical application of Xiao Xumingtang and the transformation of new drugs.

Associations of body mass index and waist circumference with hospitalization risk of kidney stones in Chinese adults / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference with hospitalization risk of kidney stones in Chinese adults. Methods: This study used long-term follow-up data from China Kadoorie Biobank. After excluding participants with chronic kidney disease, cancer, and extreme BMI or waist circumference values at baseline, 502 096 participants were included in the present analysis. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the associations of BMI and waist circumference with hospitalization risk of kidney stones. Results: During an average follow-up period of (10.7±2.2) years, 12 396 participants were hospitalized for the first time with kidney stones. Using the participants with BMI (kg/m2) of 20.5-22.4 as reference, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95%CI) for those with BMI of <18.5, 18.5-20.4, 22.5-23.9, 24.0-25.9, 26.0-27.9, 28.0-29.9, and ≥30.0 were 0.96 (0.87-1.05), 0.94 (0.88-1.00), 1.11 (1.05-1.17), 1.25 (1.18-1.32), 1.29 (1.21-1.37), 1.39 (1.28-1.50), and 1.54 (1.40-1.71), respectively. For every 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI, the HR of kidney stones hospitalization increased by 4% (HR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.04-1.05). Using the participants with waist circumference (cm) of 75.0-79.9 as reference, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95%CI) for those with waist circumference of <65.0, 65.0-69.9, 70.0-74.9, 80.0-84.9, 85.0-89.9, 90.0-94.9, and ≥95.0 were 0.82 (0.74-0.91), 0.85 (0.80-0.92), 0.95 (0.89-1.00), 1.16 (1.09-1.22), 1.22 (1.15-1.30), 1.28 (1.19-1.38), and 1.46 (1.35-1.58), respectively. For every 5 cm increase in waist circumference, the HR of kidney stones hospitalization increased by 9% (HR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.08-1.10). After mutually adjusting for BMI and waist circumference in the above models, the association between BMI and hospitalization risk of kidney stones disappeared. In contrast, the association between waist circumference and hospitalization risk of kidney stones remained unchanged. Conclusions: BMI and waist circumference were positively associated with hospitalization risk of kidney stones. The increased waist circumference was an independent risk factor for kidney stones among Chinese adults.

Thoughts on path of R&D and registration of innovative traditional Chinese medicine with synchronous transformation of "series prescriptions" / 中国中药杂志

Since the implementation of drug registration in China, the classification of Chinese medicine has greatly met the needs of public health and effectively guided the transformation, inheritance, and innovation of research achievements on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). In the past 30 years, the development of new Chinese medicine has followed the registration transformation model of " one prescription for single drug". This model refers to the R&D and registration system of modern drugs, and approximates to the " law-abiding" medication method in TCM clinic, while it rarely reflects the sequential therapy of syndrome differentiation and comprehensive treatment with multiple measures. In 2017, Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Review and Approval System and Encouraging the Innovation of Drugs and Medical Devices released by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council pointed out that it is necessary to " establish and improve the registration and technical evaluation system in line with the characteristics of Chinese medicine, and handle the relationship between the traditional advantages of Chinese medicine and the requirements of modern drug research". Therefore, based on the development law and characteristics of TCM, clinical thinking should be highlighted in the current technical requirements and registration system of research and development of Chinese medicine. Based on the current situation of registration supervision of Chinese medicine and the modern drug research in China, the present study analyzed limitations and deficiency of " one prescription for single drug" in the research and development of Chinese medicine. Additionally, a new type of " series prescriptions" was proposed, which was consistent with clinical thinking and clinical reality. This study is expected to contribute to the independent innovation and high-quality development of the TCM industry.

A cross-sectional study of hospitalized children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in Shandong pro-vince / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) infected by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) in children of different age and gender admitted to the Pediatric and Respiratory Departments of 31 public hospitals in different regions of Shandong province in autumn and winter, and to further analyze the epidemiological characteristics of MPP in children.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect and summarize basic information, epidemiological characteristics of children with MPP, laboratory and etiological test results of hospitalized from 31 public hospitals in Shandong Province from September 1, 2021 to December 15, 2021 through questionnaire issuance.The differences between groups were compared by the χ2 test. Results:Among 39 970 children hospitalized in 31 hospitals from September 1, 2021 to December 15, 2021, 17 613 were diagnosed with MPP, with a prevalence rate of 44.07%.There were more children diagnosed with MPP in Eastern Shandong than those in other regions.Serological tests were the main method of confirming the disease (16 730 cases, 76.06%). The combined infections in MPP patients were primarily caused by the influenza B virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.A total of 33.03% (5 817/17 613 cases)of children with MPP underwent bronchoscopy.The main indication was atelectasis, and mucosal erosion/ulcers were found in most of the children.The main complication of MPP was pleural atelectasis (23.47%, 4 133/17 613 cases). Severe intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary complications also occurred in some patients, including necrotizing pneumonia (0.53%, 94/17 613 cases), pulmonary embolism (0.16%, 29/17 613 cases) etc. Conclusions:The prevalence of MPP in children in Shandong province is high in autumn and winter.It is necessary to pay attention to the clinical examination indicators of hospitalized children with MPP, actively give treatment to children with MPP, prevent the occurrence of complications, and promote the physical recovery of children.

In vitro and in vivo anti-HMPV activity of JH001 isolated from Chinese medicinal herbs / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is semblable to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) which causes respiratory infections typically characterized by cough, runny nose, fever, and nasal congestion but sometimes progressing to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Whereas, there is no corresponding drug to inhabit the virus. Studies of new compounds with potential anti-HMPV activity could produce clinical value. Chinese herbal medicine played a great role during COVID-19, therefore we choose some small molecular (JH001) extracted from botany to investigate therapeutic effect on hMPV and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS In this study, 16HBE cells were used as a model to explore in vitro antiviral effect. Cytotoxicity assays were performed before the antiviral tests, cell viability of 16HBE cells handled by different concentration of JH001 was estimated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Then RT-qPCR, immunofluores?cence, and flow cytometer were used to test the viral titer after cells infected with hMPV. Eventually, 6-8 weeks mice were infected intranasally with 60 μL of hMPV, the control group was treated with 0.9％ saline water, other groups were administered with JH001 and ribavirin, then the lung virus titer and protective effect in lung were judged. RESULTS The obtained JH001 exhibited no cytotoxicity to 16HBE cells during 6.25 - 200 μmol · L-1. RT-QPCR demonstrated that JH001 showed obvious inhabitation to the viral replication and showed great significance compared with saline. And fluo?rescence exhibited distinct decrease of hMPV-N protein, flow cytometer results showed that MFI decrease evidently. Sig?nificant reduction of N-gene expression was observed in those mice treated with JH001 compared with saline group, which indicated that JH001 probably had protective and therapeutic effect on viral replication. CONCLUSION This study illustrated that JH001 might be a promising option for small molecular against hMPV and JH001 might be worthy of fur?ther development and used as a potential therapeutic strategy for other respiratory viruses in the future.

Microbe-based management for colorectal cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent, most lethal cancers in the world. Increasing evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota is closely related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of CRC. The normal microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining gut barrier function and the immune microenvironment. Recent studies have identified carcinogenic bacteria such as enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) and Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus), as well as protective bacterial such as Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), as potential targets of CRC treatment. Gut microbiota modulation aims to restore gut dysbiosis, regulate the intestinal immune system and prevent from pathogen invasion, all of which are beneficial for CRC prevention and prognosis. The utility of probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and dietary inventions to treat CRC makes them novel microbe-based management tools. In this review, we describe the mechanisms involved in bacteria-derived colorectal carcinogenesis and summarized novel bacteria-related therapies for CRC. In summary, we hope to facilitate clinical applications of intestinal bacteria for preventing and treating CRC.

Comparative study on anti-inflammatory effect of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to observe the anti-inflammatory action and mechanism of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos extract and Lonicerae Flos extract in xylene-induced ear swelling experiment and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammatory model. In vivo, xylene-induced mouse auricle swelling model was used to detect the auricle swelling degree and swelling inhibition rate of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos extract and Lonicerae Flos extract; the pathological changes of mice auricle were observed by hematoxylin eosin(HE) staining. In vitro, RAW264.7 inflammatory cell model was induced by LPS, where the cytotoxic effects of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos extract and Lonicerae Flos extract on RAW264.7 cells were detected by CCK-8 method; Griess method was used to detect the effect of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos extract and Lonicerae Flos extract on nitric oxide(NO) production, and ELISA method was used to detect the content of inflammatory factors interleukin-6(IL-6), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α). At last, Western blot was used to detect the protein changes of cyclooxygenase 1(COX1), COX2 and inducible nitric oxide synthetase(iNOS) for RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that both Lonicerae Japonicae Flos extract and Lonicerae Flos extract could significantly inhibit the degree of auricle swelling caused by xylene in mice and the inhibition rate was positively correlated with the drug dose. Furthermore, both of them could reduce the infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils in mouse ear tissues. For in vitro experiments, both Lonicerae Japonicae Flos extract and Lonicerae Flos extract inhibited NO secretion in RAW264.7 cells, down-regulated the release of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and down-regulated iNOS protein and COX2, NF-κB p65 protein content. In conclusion, both Lonicerae Japonicae Flos extract and Lonicerae Flos extract have good anti-inflammatory effect, and the mechanism may be related with the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Hepatotoxicity Effect of Xanthii Fructus on Immune-sensitive Rat Model Induced by Endotoxin / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the pharmaceutical idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity effect of Xanthii Fructus on the immune-sensitive rat model induced by endotoxin lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. Method:The SD rats were randomly divided into five groups： control group， model group， and three Xanthii Fructucs groups. The immune-sensitive rat model was established by LPS （iv. 0.7 mg·kg-1， twice every 7 days）. Then， the rats in control and model groups received the equal volume of distilled water， while the rats in Xanthii Fructus groups were administrated with water extract of Xanthii Fructus intragastrically （1.67， 5.01， 16.7 g·kg-1， respectively） for 14 days. The serum and liver of the rats were collected on the 7th and 14th day to examine the levels of hepatotoxic biomarkers， including alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， total bilirubin （TBil）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， and total bile acids （TBA）， and liver histopathology. In addition， inflammatory factors， including interleukin-1β（IL-1β）， interleukin-2（IL-2）， interleukin-6（IL-6）， interleukin-10（IL-10）and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）of the idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity rats， were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Result:The immune-sensitive model rats showed elevated levels of IL-1β， IL-6（P<0.05，P<0.01）， and mild inflammatory cells infiltrated in portal area of liver significantly （P<0.05）， with no significant changes in hepatotoxic biomarkers. Meanwhile， there was no significant change between Xanthii Fructus groups and model rats in the levels of hepatotoxic biomarkers， inflammatory factors and hepatic lesions. Conclusion:Water extract of Xanthii Fructus intragastrically does not affect the levels of hepatotoxic biomarkers， inflammatory factors and hepatic lesions in rats induced by LPS intravenously. That is to say， Xanthii Fructus does not induce pharmaceutical idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity.

Distribution characteristics and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Shanxi Province / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution characteristics and risk factors of HPV infection in the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)cohort in Shanxi Province.METHODS: From June to December 2014,40,000 married women under the age of 65 years in Shanxi were screened for cervical cancer,and the abnormal cervical fluid-based cytology(TCT)was excluded.Gland microscopy and histopathological examination were performed.Finally a total of 2304 women were included in the study.Questionnaires were used to collect demographic characteristics and factors related to cervical cancer,and HPV typing was performed by flow-through hybridization.RESULTS: Among the 2304 subjects,the HPV infection age range was 36-40 years old;the top 5 HPV infection rates were HPV16/58/52/53/51.The top 5 HPV infectionrates in CIN2 及 以 上 were HPV16/58/31/33/52. HPV single infection accounted for 23.13%,multiple infection accounted for 9.51%,and with the increase of cervical lesion,degree HPV single infection rate and multiple infection rate also increased.Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of HPV infection in those who were educated for ≤ 9 years was 1.236 times(95% CI 1.029-1.484)of those who were educated for >9 years;the risk of HPV infection in the women with non-menstrual use of pads was 1.328 times(95% CI 1.016～1.736)of menopausal women,the risk of HPV infection in non-menopausalwomen was 2.407 times of those without(95% CI 2.012-2.880).CONCLUSION:s The high-risk age of HPV infection in Shanxi is 36-40 years old;the most common type of HPV infection is HPV16/58/52/53/51;the most pathogenic type is HPV16,58,31,33,52,whose distribution characteristics are different from those of other areas;short-term education,non-menopause,and non-menstrual use of pads are high-risk factors for HPV infection.

Application of an effect-constituents index for the quality evaluation of the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb / 药学学报

To explore the application of an effect-constituents index (ECI) for the quality evaluation of rhubarb, we carried out the simultaneous determination of 12 chemical components by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and used the ICR mouse constipation model to determine the diarrhea biopotency of these 12 components. With the diarrhea biopotency of sennoside A as a reference, the diarrhea biopotency weight coefficient of each chemical component was obtained. A multi-component chemical quantitative analysis combined with the biopotency weight coefficients for rhubarb was developed, named the diarrhea ECI. Animal experiment ethics requirements were approved by the Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of the 302 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army (Grant Number: IACUC-2015-012). The results showed that there were significant differences in the content of the 12 chemical components in different batches of processed products of rhubarb. Especially worthy of attention was the content of aloe-emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside in sample Rh03, nearly 40-fold higher than that in Rh07 (4.79 vs 0.12 mg·g-1), and the content of rhein-8-O-β-D-glucoside in sample Rh03, nearly 45 times higher than that in Rh07 (3.56 vs 0.08 mg·g-1). The actual measured diarrhea biopotencies of the 12 chemical components ranged from 61.65 ± 4.28 to 233.84 ± 5.58 U·mg-1. The calculated diarrhea effect-constituents indices of 16 rhubarb samples ranged from 1.07 (Rh15) to 19.38 (Rh03), and the actual measured diarrhea biopotencies of 16 rhubarb samples based the ICR mouse constipation model ranged from 23.84 U·g-1 (Rh16) to 310.94 U·g-1 (Rh05). The correlation between the diarrhea ECIs and the actual measured diarrhea biopotencies of 16 rhubarb samples was good (r = 0.969 5), suggesting that the diarrhea effect-constituents indices may be the most suitable for evaluating the quality of different rhubarbs with regard to diarrhea.

Quality evaluation and toxicity assay for injectable traditional Chinese medicine using Microtox technology / 药学学报

Injectable traditional Chinese medicine often contains multiple components including undefined toxic substances, can have high variability between batches, with undefined mechanisms of action. It is urgent to improve the quality and consistency and reduce the toxicity risk of traditional Chinese medicine. The Microtox technology is a simple, rapid method for the detection of toxic substances in the environment that uses non-pathogenic luminescent bacteria as an indicator, and the change in luminosity as an index. Using this bioassay we have systematically applied Microtox technology for the detection of microtoxicity in injectable traditional Chinese medicine. As a new method of bioactivity characterization, Microtox technology is expected to be used in the detection of quality fluctuations and toxicity risks at an early stage in the preparation of injectable traditional Chinese medicines and to improve the quality of injectable traditional Chinese medicine.

Traditional Chinese medicine (tumor) prevention and evaluation model based on ultra-early immune response information amplification index naCTL and multidimensional immunoinformatic index TCR/BCR/HLA effective diversity / 中国中药杂志

The best time of tumor intervention is before the formation of tumor. However,due to the limited number of tumor cells,it is difficult to quantify tumor cells and immunity by the current methods available( such as CTC,ct DNA). This affects the tumor prevention in this period,and the in-depth detection,intervention and evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM)( tumor) prevention. Due to the limitations of the current detection,the evaluation system turns to detect tumor neoantigen-specific CTL( naCTL) that are directly relating to tumor cells and proliferate to high order of magnitudes after activation,and immune repertoire( TCR/BCR/HLA) effective diversity,introduces immune checkpoints,uses information of " disease" in Western medicine and " syndrome" in TCM( prevention),and sets up a multi-dimensional statistical immunity model using a variety of data analysis and related algorithms. This model can amplify the ultra-early information of tumor,indirectly evaluate the quantity and status of tumor cells,and provide quantitative measurement and new evaluation methods for the normalization of immunity and TCM( tumor) prevention. This model is not only one of important evaluation methods for resisting tumor immunity and treating TCM( tumor) prevention,but also will reveal the scientific connotation of TCM syndrome from the perspective of immunology.

Efficacy of chemotherapy combined with IMRT in the treatment of patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer / 医学研究生学报

Objective At present, there are few studies on the application of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC). The article aimed to analyze the efficacy of chemotherapy combined with IMRT on patients with locally advanced NSCLC and the impact on life quality.Methods From January 2012 to December 2014, 160 patients with locally advanced NSCLC were treated in our department of radiotherapy. The patients were divided into IMRT group(chemotherapy of paclitaxel or gemcitabine combined with cisplatin, IMRT) and control group(chemotherapy of paclitaxel or gemcitabine combined with cisplatin) according to different treatments, 80 patients in each group. The patients′ treatment efficacy along with its impact on the patients′ life quality were compared between two groups.Results The effective rate of IMRT group was higher than that of control group(78.75% vs 47.50%, P0.05). Conclusion Chemotherapy combined with IMRT can significantly improve the therapeutic effect in patients with locally advanced NSCLC, featuring less side effects, high safety, improved life quality and lengthened survival time. Therefore, the treatment is worthy of clinical application.

Generalized science of Chinese material medica-from preventive treatment of disease to Chinese medicine health industry / 中国中药杂志

Based on the systematic summary of the results of the fourth general survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources, the cultivation of large varieties of Chinese material medica and the latest research on health industrial development, the novel concepts and scientific connotations of generalized science of Chinese material medica are put forward, and the basic ideas and methods of a new Chinese medicine academic system, the cultivation system of large varieties of Chinese medicinal materials and the application system of the large health industry are constructed. This kind of generalized science of Chinese material medica, rooted in the traditional Chinese culture and the theory of "preventive treatment of disease", can avoid the narrow prospect induced by the increasing specialization and refinement of knowledge of science of Chinese material medica. It will play an important role in the modernization, industrialization, internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine.

New method for evaluating pharmacodynamics of traditional Chinese medicine compounds based on its moderate regulation and principle of balanced adjustment of immunity under pan-immunomic / 中国中药杂志

For the basic research on the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), objective syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine and evaluation criteria of traditional Chinese medicine compounds are hardly to break though. While, the modern immunology points out that the body is a counterbalance state and immune imbalance is the root of sickness. The thinking mode of treating diseases in traditional Chinese medicine is also "balance", considering disease is the result of bias which present the imbalance of "Yin counters Yang", "exterior counters interior", "cold counters heat" and "weak counters strong". The Chinese herbal compound formula preparation was applied on disease therapy based on theory of Chinese medicine, which was confirmed by long period clinical application. It is composed of multi-compounds and has the characteristic of multi-targeting. Integrative medicine has spawned pan-immunomics, and the evaluation of immune function (immune balance) has become an important basis for diagnosis and treatment models of integrative medicine. In addition, balance is the core idea of whole-systemic conception of traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, we speculate that immune balance under pan-immunomic can bridge the traditional Chinese medicine and modern integrative medicine and is the important basis for objective syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine and evaluation criteria of traditional Chinese medicine compounds. According to the bridging theory, we attempt to utilize informatics and statistical methods to construct an evaluation system for pharmacodynamics of traditional Chinese medicine based on its moderate regulation and the balanced adjustment of immunity under pan-immunomic, which further reveal the scientific essence of the whole-systemic view of traditional Chinese medicine. This research brings out a new valuable strategy and provides a theoretical basis for accelerating the transformation of traditional Chinese medicine, especially the exploitation of Chinese herbal compound formula, and constructing the new drug innovation and review system for traditional Chinese medicine. Besides as a reference for traditional Chinese medicine objective syndrome and pharmacodynamics of traditional Chinese medicine compounds, the evaluation system can screen the immunity of sub-health population also. With the continuous accumulation of clinical sample and data, the evaluation system will be more accurate and intelligent.

Moderation-integrated-balance presupposition of Chinese medicine compound and pharmacological problems in traditional Chinese drug research / 中国中药杂志

The moderation-integrated-balance presupposition (MIBP) of Chinese medicine compound was first proposed in this paper based on the review of function characteristics and action principles of Chinese medicine compound. Furthermore, the pharmacological problems of traditional Chinese drug research were discussed in details. The results were of important value in accelerating the transformation of traditional Chinese medicine compound, and constructing the new drug innovation and review system for traditional Chinese medicine.

Analysis of surgical effect for brown hard nuclear cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To observe the clinical surgical effect of brown hard nuclear cataract, and discuss the surgical skills. <p>METHODS: Totally 80 eyes of 80 patients with level V cataract were randomly stratified, divided into two groups. We operated with sclera tunnel incision phacoemulsification in Group A(40 eyes), combined with manual cataract extraction. Sutureless large-incision-manual cataract extraction(SLIMCE)was used in Group B(40 eyes). All cases were implanted posterior chamber folding intraocular lens. We compared the best corrected visual acuity, corneal astigmatism, operation time, intraoperative complications, corneal edema, intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cells in two groups of different postoperative time. <p>RESULTS: The postoperative best corrected visual acuity at 3 and 7d of Group A were better than those of Group B(<i>P</i><0.05), and there was no difference in the 1d and 1mo after surgery(<i>P</i>>0.05). The corneal astigmatism of 1mo after surgery was much smaller in Group A, and there was a significant statistical difference between two groups(<i>P</i><0.05). Less intraopretative complications happened in Group A, but there was not statistical difference between two groups(by Fisher's exact test, <i>P</i>=0.36). There was a significant statistical difference in corneal edema of these two groups at 1d after surgery(<i>χ</i>²=5.70, <i>P</i><0.05). There were no significant differences in operation time, postoperative corneal edema, intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cells in two groups at 7d(<i>P</i>>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Sclera tunnel incision phacoemulsification combined with manual nuclear extraction would be a preferred surgical technique for level V cataract.

Effect of lidocaine on the postoperative inflammatory factors and cognitive dysfunction for elderly patients undergoing spinal operation / 药物评价研究

Objective To explore the effect of lidocaine with intravenous infusion on the postoperative inflammatory factors and cognitive dysfumction for elderly patients undergoing spinal operation.Method 80 elderly patients undergoing spinal operation in Central hospital of Baoji were enrolled from Janua-y 2015 to January 2016,of which patients divided into two groups randomly,control group (n =40) accepted routine general anesthesia,and study group (n =40) adopted intravenous lidocaine based on the patiems in control group,comparing the MMSE score and the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) with before operation,detecting and analyzing the difference of inflammatory and immunity factors.Results The MMSE score of the study group after three days of operation was significantly lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of POCD in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The serum levels of IgA,IgM and IgG in the study group after seven days of operation were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).After three days and seven days postoperatively,the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).And there was no significance of TNF-α between two groups at any time point.Conclusions Intravenous lidocaine for patients undergoing spinal operation could inhibit the inflammatory response,improve the function of immunity,and decrease the incidence of POCD,which deserved popularization in clinic.